Common Health Issues in Labrador Retrievers and How to Prevent Them
Labrador Retrievers are known for their friendly nature, loyalty, and strong physique. But like all purebred dogs, they’re prone to certain inherited and lifestyle-related health issues.
As a responsible Lab owner or future pet parent, understanding these risks can help you spot early signs, avoid common mistakes, and prolong your dog’s healthy, happy life. This guide covers the top Labrador health problems—and simple steps to prevent them before they start.
Most Common Health Problems in Labrador Retrievers
| Condition | Symptoms to Watch For | Prevention Tips |
|---|---|---|
| Hip & Elbow Dysplasia | Limping, stiffness, trouble rising | Maintain healthy weight, avoid over-exercise as puppies |
| Obesity | Rapid weight gain, low energy, joint stress | Controlled diet, daily walks, avoid table scraps |
| Ear Infections | Head shaking, odor, redness, scratching | Regular ear cleaning, dry ears after swimming |
| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) | Night blindness, bumping into things | Genetic screening, avoid breeding carriers |
| Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC) | Muscle weakness after intense activity | Avoid overexertion in affected dogs |
| Bloat (Gastric Torsion) | Swollen belly, restlessness, vomiting | Avoid large meals before exercise, use slow-feeder bowls |
1. Obesity: Labs Love to Eat
Labradors are notorious food lovers. This makes them prone to weight gain, which increases the risk of joint problems, diabetes, and even heart issues.
Prevention Tips:
- Feed based on weight, age, and activity level—not by the bowl.
- Use measured portions and avoid free feeding.
- Treats should be no more than 10% of daily calories.
- Include daily walks and interactive playtime.
2. Joint Problems: Hip & Elbow Dysplasia
Labradors are genetically predisposed to hip and elbow dysplasia, where the joints don’t develop properly, leading to arthritis and pain.
Prevention Tips:
- Ask breeders for OFA joint health certifications.
- Avoid over-exercising young puppies or letting them jump from heights.
- Keep your dog at a healthy weight—extra pounds stress the joints.
3. Ear Infections: Common in Floppy-Eared Dogs
Labs love swimming, but their floppy ears trap moisture, making them prone to bacterial and yeast infections.
Signs to Watch For:
- Foul odor from the ears
- Head shaking or tilting
- Redness or visible wax
Prevention Tips:
- Dry ears thoroughly after water play
- Use vet-approved ear cleaners weekly
- Avoid inserting anything deep into the ear canal
4. Eye Conditions: PRA and Cataracts
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is a genetic condition that leads to gradual vision loss. Cataracts are more common in older Labs.
Prevention Tips:
- Get genetic eye screenings if buying from a breeder
- Schedule annual vet eye exams, especially after age 7
- Use antioxidant-rich diets to support eye health
5. Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC)
This hereditary condition causes sudden collapse after intense activity. While not all Labs are affected, those who are need special care.
Prevention Tips:
- Genetic testing for breeding dogs
- Avoid high-intensity games (like sprinting fetch) if your Lab shows signs
- Focus on moderate, consistent activity like walking and swimming
FAQ: Labrador Retriever Health
Q: What is the average lifespan of a Labrador Retriever?
A: Most Labs live 10–12 years, but with excellent care, some reach 14–15 years.
Q: How often should I take my Lab to the vet?
A: Puppies need visits every few weeks, while adult Labs benefit from annual check-ups and bi-annual visits after age 7.
Q: Do Labs need supplements for joints?
A: Talk to your vet about glucosamine and omega-3 fatty acids. These may help prevent or manage arthritis, especially in older Labs.
Q: Can diet really prevent health problems?
A: Absolutely. Feeding the right amount and avoiding “junk food” can prevent obesity, joint issues, and digestive problems.
Labrador Retrievers are sturdy, joyful companions—but their health depends on you. By learning about common risks and being proactive, you’ll give your Lab the best chance at a long, vibrant life.